英语四级翻译模拟题附答案解析

　　1.第2句五行中的“金”指“金属”，而非“黄金”，故第2句中应译为metal，而非gold。

　　2.第3句中的第2个分句“描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式”可处理为状语，表伴随状态，用分词短语describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters 来表达。

　　3.第4句中的“五行学说认为”可译为the theory holds that...，亦可译为according to the theory，承前句，“五行学说”可简单转换表达为“该学说”(the theory)。“宇宙万物”可译为the universe，强调整体，也可表达为 everything in the universe。

　　4.第5句有三个分句，可把“这五个要素相互作用”处理成主干，“不但影响到……，同时也使宇宙万物……”处理为结果状语，用分词短语来表达，“不但……同时也”可用结构both... and...或... as well as...来表达，故整句译为 These five elements interact with each other, affecting...as well as making...。

　　5.最后一句“五行学说成熟于汉代，之后广泛应用于……”可用并列结构译出：The theory got mature in theHan Dynasty and was widely employed...。翻译宾语“中医、建筑和武术等领域”时，先译出中心词fields，再用like或者such as来引出例子。

　　The theory of five elements is a concept of matter in ancient China. The five elements include metal, wood, water, fire, and earth. The theory of five elements emphasizes on an overall concept, describing the structural relationships and forms of movement of matters. The theory holds that everything in the universe is based on the movement and change of these five elements. These five elements interact with each other, affecting a person's fate as well as making the universe move in endless cycles. The theory got mature in the Han Dynasty and was widely employed in the fields like traditional Chinese medicine, architecture, and martial arts.

　　英语四级翻译模拟题附答案解析2：

　　中国木雕(wood carving)有着悠久的历史，是中国传统艺术之一。人们认为现存最早的木雕大约是在三千年前的战国时期雕刻完成的。在中国，木雕主要分成三个类别：建筑雕刻、家具雕刻和艺术品雕刻。中国的木雕以其令人印象深刻的细致构造和主题之美受到了全世界的欣赏。今天，我们可以在私人画廊里看到传统木雕，也可以在长江两岸整个区域的宅邸装饰上看到它。

　　参考翻译:

　　Chinese wood carving is one of Chinese traditional arts with a time-honored history.Theearliest existing wood carving is believed to be made during the Warring States Period aboutthree thousand years ago.Wood carving in China constitutes three major categories:architecture carving, furniture carving and artworks carving.Chinese wood carving isappreciated worldwide for its impressively detailed structures and the beauty of itsthemes.Today,traditional wood carvings can be seen in private galleries and also on thedecorations over residential areas on both sides of the Yangtze River.

　　1.中国的木雕有着悠久的历史：“悠久的历史”可译为a long history，也可译为a time-honored history,time-honored意为“悠久的，老的”，如，“中华老字号”则为time-honored brand of China。

　　2.人们认为现存最早的木雕大约是在三千年前的战国时期雕刻完成的：本句可以将“人们”一词省去不译，用the earliest existing wood carving作主语。谓语则是“被认为是”，可译为be believed to，这里的to是动词不定式的标志。“雕刻完成”即“被做好”，可译为be made。“在三千年前的战国时期”则译作状语， 即during the Warring States Period about three thousand years ago。

　　英语四级翻译模拟题附答案解析3：

　　中国的印章篆刻(seal carving)始于古代，贯穿于整个秦朝。篆刻的印帝最初是作为皇帝的玉玺(imperialseal)来使用的。皇家的印章被称为玺(Xi)并且只能由皇室成员使用。秦朝之后，更多不同种类的印章出现了。它们作为个性化的印戳用于私人用途。这些非官方定制的印戳被称为印(Yin)。在唐朝，由于迷信(superstition),印章的名称被改称为宝，理由是玺的发音与另一个表示“死亡”意思的汉字类似。

　　参考翻译:

　　Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty.It was initially employed as an imperial seal named Xi. These imperial seal carvings were usedonly by the royalty. Following this dynasty, more different kinds of seals appeared and wereused by private folks as personalized stamps. These non-official stamps were called Yin. Duringthe Tang Dynasty, the seals was renamed Bao as a result of superstition since thepronunciation of Xi is similar to that of another Chinese charactcr which means death.

　　1.篆刻的印幸最初是作为皇帝的玉玺(imperial seal)来使用的:该句可译为被动句，谓语是"最初是作为…使用”，其中“使用”可用employ来表示，属于正式用语，故可翻译为was initially employed as。

　　2.由于迷信，印章的名称被改称为宝:“由于”可译为because of或as a rcsult of, 这两个短语后面都接名句或动名词。