大学英语四级翻译训练题
2.翻译第3句中的“后来经过不断改进”时，宜加上主语“指南针”，而由于前一句的靠后部分已出现过compass，故这里可用it来作主语。“到宋朝人们制造出铁针指南针并应用于航海”可用并列结构为 peopleproduced... and applied it in...。“铁针指南针”可表达为 compass with iron needles。
3.第4句中的“在海船上使用指南针的”较长，宜将其处理成后置定语，用现在分词短语using the compass来表达，其中“在海船上”为状语，译作on sea-going ships，按照英语表达习惯，置于句末。
4.最后一句中有3个动作，“指南针传人……，推动了……，……提供了……”，仔细分析可发现，“推动了”和 “提供了”是结果，故将“指南针传人……”作句子主干，“推动了……，提供了……”用现在分词短语来表达， 作结果状语，译作 the compass spread into Eurpe, promoting... and guaranteeing...。
China is universally recognized as the country having invented the compass. As early as 2,400years ago, Chinese people created the earliest compass in the world. Later it was furtherimproved continuously. During the Song Dynasty, people produced the compass with ironneedles and applied it in navigation. China is the first country using the compass on seagoingships. The compass provided aid for Zheng He's voyages to the Western Ocean in the MingDynasty. Later the compass spread into Europe, promoting the development of the Europeanmarine industey and guaranteeing technical support for Columbus' navigation.
大学英语四级翻译训练题2：
国画是中国文化遗产的重要组成部分。不同于西方画，它是用毛笔(Chinese brush)和墨汁在宣纸(xuanpaper)上作画的。精通这门艺术需要不断重复的练习， 需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有一定的认识。绘画前，画家必须在脑海里有一个草图并根据他的想象力和经验进行绘画。许多中国画家既是诗人，又是书法家。他们经常会在自己的画上亲手添加诗作。
参考翻译:
Chinese painting is an important part of the country's cultural heritage. It distinguishes itselffrom Western painting in that it is drawn on xuan paper with the Chinese brush and Chineseink. To attain proficiency in this art, it is necessary to have a good control of the brush, andcertain knowledge of xuan paper and Chinese ink besides repeated exercises.Before painting,the painter must have a draft in his mind and draw according to his imagination andexperience.Many a Chinese painter is at the same time a poet and calligrapher who often adds apoem with his own hand on the painting.
1.不同于西方画，它是用毛笔和墨汁在宣纸上作画的:“不同于”可译为distinguish oneself from sth.,也可用be different from 表示。“毛笔和墨汁”可译为the Chinese brush and Chinese ink,此处可同用一个冠词表示整体;“用”可用介词with，表示方式。
2.精通这门艺术需要不断重复的练习，需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有一定的认识:“精通这门艺术”可译为to attain proficiency in this art，attain意为“获得、获取”，proficiency意为“精通、熟练”。“需要控制好毛笔，需要对宣纸和墨汁有一定的认识”，该句可理解为“控制好毛笔和认识宣纸、墨汁也是必要的”。
大学英语四级翻译训练题3：
昆曲(Kunqu Opera)源于江苏昆山地区，至今已有600多年的历史，它是中国戏曲最古老的存在形式之一。昆曲有一个完整的表演体系并且有自己独特的腔调。昆曲在明朝初期得到发展。从16到18世纪，它一直主宰着中国戏曲。此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式。今天，昆曲依然在中国的一些大城市被进行表演，受到了许多人的喜爱。
参考翻译:
Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest existing formsof Chinese operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete systemof acting characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming Dynasty, KunquOpera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th century. Inaddition, Kunqu Opera has influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Operais still played in some major cities of China and enjoys a popularity among many people.
1.至今已有600多年的历史:“已有600多年的历史”可译为with a history of more than 600 years,其中with a history of意表示“有...的历史”，more than表示“多于，超过”。
2.昆曲在明朝初期得到发展:“发展”可译为develop,常用的短语有develop into, 意为“发展成为”。“明朝初期”可译为the early Ming Dynasty,而“明朝末期”可译为the late Ming Dynasty。
3.此外，昆曲还影响了许多其他的中国戏曲形式:“此外”可译为in addition。“影响”可译为influence，也可译为have the influence of。