英语四级翻译训练附讲解

　　人们说，真正的北京文化是胡同(Hutong)和四合院(courtyard)文化。他们比高楼大厦吸引更多海内外游客。“胡同”这个名字源于元朝时对小巷(lane)或小街道的叫法。现在它们已经成为北京文化的代表。据说，截至1949年，胡同的数量曾多达3250个。但随着时间的流逝，以及城市建设的需要，胡同的数量已经急剧下降。现在的胡同仅剩不到1000条。因此，保护胡同对现代人来说是迫切的问题。

　　参考翻译:

　　People say that the real culture of Beijing is the culture of Hutong and courtyard.They attract moretourists from home and abroad than the high-rise : buildings and large mansions.Hutong is the namegiven to a lane or small street that originated during the Yuan Dynasty.Now they have becomerepresentatives of Beijing’s culture.It is said that by 1949 there were as many as 3,250 Hutongs.Butwith the passage of time,and the requirement for city construction,the number of Hutongs hasfallen dramatically.Now only no more than 1,000 remain.Thus,protecting Hutongs is an urgentproblem for modem people.

　　1.他们比高楼大厦吸引更多海内外游客:“海内外”可用home and abroad表示，home表示“国内”，abroad表示“国外”，均为副词。“高楼大厦”可译为high-rise buildings and large mansions。

　　2.“胡同”这个名字源于元朝时对小巷(lane)或小街道的叫法：“源于”可用originate表示，常用于词组originate from/in，意为“起源于”，其形容词为original。

　　3.但随着时间的流逝，以及城市建设的需要，胡同的数量已经急剧下降:“时间的流逝”可译为the passage oftime,passage还可以表示“(一段)文章;走廊。”

　　请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

　　孔庙(Temple of Confucius)坐落于山东省曲阜市南门内，是纪念我国伟大思想家、教育家孔子的祠庙建筑(temple building)，也是一组具有东方风格的大型建筑群。由于孔子创立的儒家思想(Confucianism)对于维护社会统治安定所起到的重要作用，孔庙便被古代帝王所器重。在古代经常举办祭孔典礼，或者是由皇帝自己，或者是由皇帝委任的髙级官员。祭孔的规模和祭天一样宏大。由此，孔子在历史上的重要地位便可见一斑。

　　参考翻译:

　　Located inside the south gate of Qufu, Shandong, the Temple of Confucius is a large complex oftemple buildings in oriental style in memory of Confucius, China's great thinker and educator. Theimportance of Confucianism created by Confucius in maintaining the social ruling stability madeancient emperors put a high value on the Temple of Confucius. In ancient times sacrifices were oftenoffered to Confucius, either by Emperors themselves, or by emperor-appointed high officials. Thescale of offering sacrifices to Confucius was as grand as that given to the Heaven. This gives us anidea of the importance of Confucius in history.

　　1.孔庙坐落于山东省曲阜市南门内，是纪念我国伟大思想家、教育家孔子的祠庙建筑，也是一组具有东方风格的大型建筑群:该句由三个小分句组成。第一个分句可译为located引导的地点状语从句，其中“坐落”可译为located,表示“处于，位于”。

　　2.由于孔子创立的儒家思想对于维护社会统治安定所起到的重要作用，孔庙便被古代帝王所器重:该句可以用the importance of...作主语。其中“维护社会统治安定”可译为maintain social ruling stability，“器重”可译为put a high value on。同义词组还有attach great importance to。