英语四级翻译训练题附答案解析

　　城镇化(urbanization)导致了巨大的住房需求。出口导向型经济(export-oriented economy)吸引了大量劳动力从农村来到城市。高等教育的迅速扩张也通过提供教育机会致使大量知识分子涌人城市。社会资源分布不均使得只有少数城市成为人口迁移的理想目的地，这就进一步加大了一些大城市的住房需求。人们对未来的不确定使他们将房产当作他们养老金的“最后一根稻草”。传统的观念植根于中国文化。人们认为拥有房产是长期居住的先决条件。

　　参考翻译

　　Urbanization leads to the huge demand for housing.The export-oriented economy attracts a largeamount of labor force from rural to urban areas.The fast expansion of higher education also leadsto the large inflow of intellectuals to cities by offering education opportunities.The unevendistribution of social resources makes only a few cities the ideal destinations for populationmigration, which has further increased the demand for housing in some of metropolises.People'suncertainty about the future makes them regard the real estate as the“last straw”for theirpension.The traditional concept is rooted in Chinese culture.People regard the ownership of thereal estate to be the prerequisite for long term inhabitation.

　　1.出口导向型经济吸引了大量劳动力从农村来到城市:“出口导向型经济”可用the export-oriented economy表示，oriented是“以…为导向”的意思。“从农村来到城市”可译为from rural to urban areas,from...to...意为“从…到…”。“劳动力”可译为labor force。

　　2.人们对未来的不确定使他们将房产当作他们养老金的“最后一根稻草”:“房产”可译为the realestate。“将…当作…”可译为regard…as…。

　　3.传统的观念植根于中国文化:“植根于”可译为be rooted in, root在这里是动词，意为“生根”。“植根于”还可以翻译为take root in。

　　房奴(home mortgage slave)是指那些因为需要支付大量抵押贷款，而对自身的社会生活产生消极影响的人。房奴通过工作来支付抵押贷款，这使他们成为了“奴隶”。因为大部分的可支配收人都被用来偿还贷款，房奴在消费和投资上的预算十分紧张。这就导致了他们社交生活的贫乏，生活水平大幅下降，阻碍了他们个人的全面发展。针对这一问题，政府已经出台了一些规定。其中部分规定旨在遏制房价。

　　参考翻译

　　Home mortgage slave refers to those people who need to pay a huge amount of mortgageloans,which negatively affects their social lives.Home mortgage slaves work to pay the mortgageloans,which enslaves them.Because most of the disposable income is spent on the mortgageloan,mortgage slaves'budget on the consumption and investment is extremely tight.This leads tothe impoverishment of their social lives,drastically decreases their living standard and hinders theircomprehensive personal development.A number of regulations have been launched.Some of themare aimed at curbing the housing price.

　　1.房奴是指那些因为需要支付大量抵押贷款，而对自身的社会生活产生消极影响的人:“是指”可译为referto。“支付”可译为pay, pay for sth.意为“为某事付出代价;付款”。“大量的”可译a huge amount of,后可跟可数名词，也可跟不可数名词。“对…产生消极影响”可译为negatively affect,而对…产生积极影响则为positivelyaffect/influence。

　　2.房奴通过工作来支付抵押贷款，这使他们成为了“奴隶”:“支付抵押贷款”可用pay the mortgage loans表示。“使他们成了奴隶”可译为enslave them,enslave是“使某人成为奴隶”的意思。前级en-一般可意为“使…”，如ensure(使安全)、endanger(使危险)等。

　　3.这就导致了他们社交生活的贫乏，生活水平大幅下降，阻碍了他们个人的全面发展:“导致”可译为lead to或result in。如The rain led to a disaster.(这场雨引发了一场灾难。)“生活水平大幅下降”可理解为“大大降低了他们的生活水平”，故可用drastically decrease their living standard表示。