英语四级翻译题型模拟练习及答案
参考译文
Tourism, a fast developing economic sector over the last two decades in all parts of the world, is now receiving increasing attention among the Chinese public. Many people have written to the press, making suggestions for the promotion of tourism in China. It is believed that the development of tourism will help promote mutual understanding and friendship between the people of China and other countries, and facilitate exchanges in the field of culture, science and technology. Moreover, it will help accumulate funds for China's great cause.
难点注释
1.第一句较长,首先要理清句子结构,句子主干为:“旅游业是一个经济部门,现在正引起注意”。根据英语表达习惯,翻译时,可以将该句整合为一个长句.“一个经济部门”可以用同位语表达来处理,因此句子主干则为:Tourism is now receiving increasing attention。然后再将其余附加成分补充完整。注意,“经济部门”译为:economic sector;“二十年来”可译为:the last two decades。
2.第二句巾,“提出种种建议”可译为:making suggestions for。
3.第三句中,“人们的看法是”可以用英语的惯用表达来翻译:It is believed that。最后一句中暗含一个递进关系,为使上下文连贯,可增译一个衔接词Moreover,使译文更加自然流畅。
在中国,小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成,分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段,大多数学生上3年制初中,极少数上4年制。几乎98%的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间,在整个义务教育阶段,学生要求在每学期未参加期末考试。
参考译文
In China, primary and secondary education takes 12 years to complete, divided into primary, junior secondary and senior secondary stages. Primary education lasts either five or six years. At junior secondary stage, most have three-year schooling with any part of four-year. Almost 98 percent of students are enrolled in the former schools. The nine-year schooling in primary and junior secondary schools belongs to compulsory education. General senior secondary education lasts for three years. Throughout the whole process of compulsory education, students are required to take final examinations at the end of each semester.
难点注释
1.第一句句子结构较为复杂,翻译时首先理清句子主干,然后补充修饰成分。句子主干为:中小学教育需要花费l2年的时间来完成。“在中国”为地点状语,“分为小学……阶段”为伴随状语。“花费……时问”用take…to…表达,“分为”暗含被动含义,故用过去分词divided into.表被动。
2.第二句中的“持续”可译为last for。“或”可以用固定短语either…or…表示。
3.第三句中“极少数”译为with a tiny part of;为了避免重复,后面的一个分句省略了动词have,直接用with短语表伴随。
4.第四句中,“入学”可以译为be enrolled in。
5.第五句中,“9年教育”译为The nine-year schooling;“属于”可以用固定搭配belong to来表达;“义务教育”译为compulsory education。
在中国,喝茶是一种仪式(ritual),一种精致品味(refined taste)的展示。人们在饮茶的同时,也领略着(take delight in)品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去,他们是以进有名的茶馆(teahouse)而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶。也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的(furious)争论。
参考译文
Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight in the essence of tea itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese. In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well-known teahouse. Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here not just for tea, but also to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.
难点注释
1.汉语形散神聚,英文结构紧凑。处理第一句时,可以将几个小短句合译为一句结构严谨的英文。先确定句子的主谓宾,其中Tea thinking作句子主语,is可作系动词,本句中有两个并列表语,即“仪式”和“展示”,分别译为:ritual,demonstration。
2.第二句中,“领略”可以译为:take delight in;“品茶的情趣之意”可以译为:the essence of tea itself。
3.第三句中的“打发时间的方式”可以理解为“消遣、娱乐方式”,可译为:a way of pastime.
4.第四句中的“相当于”可以用短语be the equivalent of来表达。