英语四级翻译练习题及答案
英语四级翻译练习题(一)：满月
参考译文：
In China, the One-Month-Old Feast of a baby is thefirst significant ceremony in his life. On the daywhen a baby is one month old, the families of thebaby invite their relatives and friends to celebratethe occasion together. Usually, the baby wears a doghat and tiger shoes, which indicates that the babywill be lucky for the whole life. The ceremony of One-Year-Old Catch on the first of the baby isalso of great characteristics. The families of the baby will lay out many things such as books,pens, ink, paper, money, foods, and toys for the baby to choose at will. According to thearticles the baby picks up, the families will make some predictions about his potential interestsand future career.
1.在第2句中，状语“孩子满月那天”中的“孩子满月”可处理为定语从句，整个状语表达为On the day when a baby isone month old;主语“家人”指的是“孩子的家人”，故应采取增译法，将其译为过 the baby;“—起庆祝”的后面省略了“(孩子)满月”，故翻译时也要增译，但这里不必拖沓啰嗦地译成to celebrate that the baby is one month old，直接表达为 celebrate the occasion 更简洁明了。
2.第3句中的“象征着孩子能幸运一生”可处理成非限制性定语从句which symbolizes/indicates that thebaby will be lucky for the whole life，或处理成分词短语symbolizing/indicating the baby's beinglucky for the whole life，作句中的伴随状语。
3.第4句中的定语“孩子周岁那天的”可处理为后置的介词短语on the first birthday of the baby，修饰中心词“抓周仪式”。
4.倒数第2句中的“摆上书、笔、墨、纸、钱币、食物、玩具等物品”，如果直译为lay out books...，toysand other things会使译文显得冗长，宜用中心词“物品”作宾语，具体物品名称则作补充说明，译为lay outmany things such as books, ...，and toys，使表达更为清晰顺畅。
5.最后一句“根据……预测……”是一个无主语句，但根据上下文可知，此处“预测”的施动者是孩子的家人，故翻译时应增译主语the families。“根据......东西”可套用短语According to...来表达;其中“东西”的定语“孩子抓的”可后置，用定语从句picks up来表达。“兴趣爱好”的定语“孩子可能存在的”可译为 the baby'spotential，因前半句已有baby—词，为避免重复，the baby's可用物主代词his来代替。
英语四级翻译练习题(二)：穆桂英
穆桂英是戏剧和小说《杨家将》(Generals of the YangFamily)中的一个人物， 它讲述的是北宋时期杨家四代人保卫国家的故事。穆桂英是受人尊敬的官员杨宗保的妻子，杨宗保是第三代守卫边疆的杨家人。穆桂英武艺非凡。她的丈夫在一 场战争中战死后，穆桂英抑制住悲伤，带领所有的杨家寡妇向西夏王国(the Western Xia Kingdom)开战。《穆桂英挂帅》(Mu Guiying Takes Command)起初是豫剧(Yu Opera)，1959年梅兰芳将其改编为京剧。
四级翻译参考译文：
Mu Guiying is a character in the opera and novelGenerals of the Yang Family which tells of the Yangfamily that safeguarded the country for fourgenerations during the Northern Song Dynasty. MuGuiying was the wife of the respected official YangZongbao who was of the third generation that guarded the border in Yang family. She hadextraordinary martial arts skills. After her husband died in a war, Mu Guiying suppressed hersorrow and led all the widows in Yang family to make the war against the Western Xia Kingdom.Mu Guiying Takes Command was originally a Yu Opera which Mei Lanfang adapted into a PekingOpera in 1959.
1.保卫国家:可翻译为safeguard the country。
2.守卫边疆:可译为guard the border,其中guard意为“守卫，保卫”。
3.武艺非凡:可用 extraordinary martial arts skills表达。
4.抑制住悲伤，带领所有杨家寡妇向西夏王国开战 :“抑制住悲伤”可译为suppress her sorrow; “杨家寡妇”可译为widows in Yang femily; “向...开战”可翻译为 make the war against...。
5.豫剧:可用Yu Opera表达。
6.改编为:可翻译为adapt into。
英语四级翻译练习题(三)：慈禧
与后宫(the imperial harem)其他许多女人不同，慈禧(Empress Dowager Cixi) 因读写汉字的能力而受重视。这给她提供了充足的机会来协助生病的皇帝处理国家日常事务。咸丰帝(Xianfeng Emperor)曾多次让慈禧读奏折(palace memorials) 给他听，并让她按照他的意愿在奏折上写批复。因此，慈禧对国家大事十分熟悉，并且从生病的皇帝那儿学会了管理国家的艺术。国内外的历史学家普遍都把她描述成王朝没落的罪人(sinner)。
参考译文：
Unlike many other women in the imperial harem, Empress Dowager Cixi was known for her ability to read and write. This provided her ample opportunities to help the ailing emperor in daily state governing. On various occasions, the Xianfeng Emperor had Cixi read palace memorials for him, and leave comments on the memorials according to his will. As a result, Cixi became well-infonned about state af&irs, and learned the techniques of state governing from the ailing emperor. Historians both home and abroad have generally portrayed her as a sinner responsible for the fall of the Dynasty.
1.与后宫其他许多女人不同，慈禧因读写汉字的能力而受重视 :“与……不同”可译为different from或unlike; “因......受重视”可译为be valued for。
2.处理国家曰常事务 :可翻译为daily state governing。
3.咸丰帝曾多次让慈禧读奏折给他听，并让她按他的意愿在奏折上写批复多次 可用on various occasions表达;“让某人做……”可译为have sb. do sth.; “按 照”可译为according to。
4.罪人:可翻译为sinner。
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