大学英语四级选词填空专项训练题目 带答案
"The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __6__ well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.
"It's __7__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __8__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __9__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __10__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75."
[A] alert
[B] associated
[C] attracting
[D] cling
[E] continuing
[F] definitely
[G] different
[H] efficiently
[I] formally
[J] function
[K] mixed
[L] negative
[M] sufficient
[N] tend
[O] younger
答案解析：
文章大意：本文主要讲述的是关于老年人睡眠的问题：是否老年人与年轻人相比只需要较少的睡眠时间?
1. N tend tend to 固定搭配;表示"倾向于;"符合句意;
2. L negative 空格后是effect， 前面是a(n)， 由此可见，该处需要填入一个形容词;题目给出的形容词有negative, sufficient, younger;根据前后语意，填入negative最为恰当，表示"少的睡眠时间对大脑的活动有负面的影响。"
3. H efficiently 根据推测，该处应该填入一个副词，题目给出的副词有efficiently, definitely, formally;前面提到，老年人在睡觉的时候更容易被打断，而后面用while提出一个对比的概念，年轻人相比起来能获得更_______ 的睡眠;综合起来，选用efficiently(最有效率的)最为准确。
4. B associated be associated with 固定搭配;表示"与…联系在一起";本句话表示"更多的睡眠通常都与健康度联系在一起";
5. A alert 先看整句话的含义，"如果他们能睡更长的时间，他们的感觉应该会更好以及…"那么，该处应该填入一个褒义词，选择alert比较恰当，表示"更加警觉，机灵";
6. J function 根据判断，此处应该填入一个动词，剩下的动词有cling, function;整句话的意思是"当我们上了年纪的时候，我们一觉睡到天亮的能力下降了，但是，我们需要…的睡眠量并没有改变;"空格后的单词是 well， cling 在这里并不合适，一般与to连用;选用function 最为适合;
7. F definitely 作者在首段已经提出这个观点是一个myth，那么显而易见最后一段中出现的myth是作为一种强调手段，应填入definitely;
8. O younger 空格的前面是 when they were…， "当他们年轻的时候";应填入younger;
9. E continuing 本句的意思是"我们的数据显示老年人将从…获益;"空格的后面是"得到和他们在三十多岁的时候能得到的睡眠一样多";根据上下文意思，该处应填入"continuing";
10. G different different from 固定搭配;表示"和…不同"。
As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the centre of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogotá known as The Schools of Peace.
The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__ toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centres of Compassion for Children International call attention to children's rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school.
[A] acting
[B] assuming
[C] comprehensive
[D] cooperative
[E] entire
[F] especially
[G] forward
[H] images
[I] information
[J] offers
[K] projects
[L] respectively
[M] role
[N] technology
[O] victims
答案解析：
1. 【答案】 K
【精析】 名词辨析题。根据句意，空格处缺少名词，意为"活动，项目"。 H)images意为"影像，图像";O)victims 意为"受害者"，均与句意不符。
2. 【答案】 M
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格位于定冠词the之后，介词of之前，缺少名词，与took on the...of搭配，因此选M)role"角色"。A)acting 意思接近句意，但是不能和took on the...of 搭配。
3. 【答案】 A
【精析】 动词辨析题。空格句谓语动词为studied，因此as peacemakers作主语Groups of children的定语，as意为"是，作为"。此处应用现在分词作定语，选项中的另一个现在分词为B)assuming意为"假设"，不符合句意。
4. 【答案】 J
【精析】 动词辨析题。空格处缺少谓语，直接宾语为opportunities，需要及物动词。答案只能选offer。
5. 【答案】 D
【精析】 形容词辨析题。空格处单词作ones的定语，与peaceful并列，意义应该与angry相反。cooperative 意为"合作的"。 C)comprehensive意为"理解的，广泛的"，意义不符。
6. 【答案】 G
【精析】 副词辨析题。空格位于take a step之后，介词toward之前，需要副词。孩子需要向前迈进一步成为和平缔造者。take a step forward"向前迈进一步"。 L)respectively意为"分别地"，意义不符。
7. 【答案】 F
【精析】 副词辨析题。空格位于be动词与表语useful之间，需要副词修饰useful。especially符合题意。
8. 【答案】 I
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格处需要名词，意义与resources 或者teachers 并列。image为名词，看似与resources并列，但意义不如information恰当。
9. 【答案】 O
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格位于定冠词the之后，介词of之前，缺少名词，要帮助的应该是孩子--战争的受害者。
10. 【答案】 E
【精析】 形容词辨析题。空格位于定冠词the之后，名词school之前，缺少定语。根据文章意思，先在一个班级创建和平缔造者俱乐部，然后扩展到其他班，最后影响到整个学校的文化氛围。entire"整个"符合题意。
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly __1__ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was __2__ to a little college French.
I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, __3__ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up __4__ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable __5__ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can't learn if you don't try. So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad __6__. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places, without guides or even __7__ bookings, confident that somehow I will manage.
The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition __8__. But each time you try something, you learn, and as the learning piles up, the world opens to you.
I've learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine River in a __9__. And I know I'll go on doing such things. It's not because I'm braver or more daring than others. I'm not. But I'll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can __10__ wonders.
[A] accomplish
[B] advanced
[C] balloon
[D] claim
[E] constantly
[F] declare
[G] interviews
[H] limited
[I] manufacture
[J] moments
[K] news
[L] reduced
[M] regret
[N] scary
[O] totally
答案解析：
1. 【答案】 D
【精析】 动词辨认题。空格处缺少动词原形。根据句意，意为"声称"。 D)claim比较随意，可以表示"个人的声明，宣称";claim to do表示"宣称做某事"。A)accomplish"完成";F)declare"宣布(法律、公告等)，声明";M)regret"遗憾，抱歉"，词义 不符。
2. 【答案】 H
【精析】 句法推断题。空格位于系动词was之后，介词to之前，因此缺少形容词或者过去分词，可用于be...to 的搭配。be limited to表示"局限于"。 L)reduced表示"减少"，不能与to搭配。
3. 【答案】 O
【精析】 副词辨认题。用于形容词之前，空格处缺少副词。根据句意，表示"完全地"。选项中的另一个副词E)constantly"经常地"，不符合句意。
4. 【答案】 G
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格处缺少名词，与research并列，因此选择G)interviews"采访"。选项中的另三个名词C)balloon"气球"， J)moments"时刻"， K)news"新闻，消息"，不符合句意，排除。
5. 【答案】 M
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格前有形容词considerable，这里需要填名词。regret"抱歉，遗憾"。
6. 【答案】 J
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格位于形容词bad之后，需要名词，根据句意，这里表示"沮丧、糟糕的时候"。
7. 【答案】 B
【精析】 形容词辨析题。空格位于名词bookings之前，缺少形容词或者过去分词。修饰bookings"预约"，所填词应表示"提前的"。其他分词、形容词选项L)reduced"减少的"，N) scary"引起惊慌的"，意义不符。
8. 【答案】 N
【精析】 名词辨析题。空格处需要形容词，表示"令人害怕的，引起惊慌的"。
9. 【答案】 C
【精析】 动词辨析题。空格位于不定冠词之后，因此缺少名词。根据句意应选C)balloon"气球"。
10. 【答案】 A
【精析】 动词辨析题。空格位于情态动词can之后，名词wonders之前，缺少动词原形。根据句意A)accomplish"实现, 完成"符合句意。