英语四级阅读训练附答案讲解
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.By calling Americans a marrying people the writer means that ________.
A.Americans are more traditional than Europeans
B More Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than European
C.most divorced individuals remarry
D.marriage is the most important part of American life
2.From the first paragraph we can know that ____
A.traditional marriage now runs into difficulty
B.marriage rate has been rising since the 1970
C.marriage rate in Europe is rather low
D.European marry when they are quite old
3.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s American families?
A. There are no nuclear families any more.
B. A family usually consists of only a husband ,a wife and two or three children
C. a child usually has four grandparents
D. Many types of family rearrangements have become socially acceptable.
4. “Part-time ”children ____
A.do part-time job to earn their living
B.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage
C.are shared between the two former spouses
D.are quite unusual even in the U.S.A
5.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, ________ .
A. the functions of marriage remain unchanged
B. most Americans prefer a second marriage
C. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage
D. nuclear family is alive and thriving
1.[B] 事实细节题。本题考查特殊符号处。作者在第1段第2句很清楚地在Americans are a marrying people后面用冒号引出对这一说法的解释。对比选项A与选项B，就可发现选项A不够完整。
2.[A] 推理判断题。第1段第1句的主语揭示了答案应为选项A。选项B与原文第1段第3句的陈述不符，选项C和D均无原文依据。
3.[D] 推理判断题。本题涉及第2段的理解，该段第1句是一个主语从句，也可视为该段的主题句，点出了本段的主题是nuclear family，该段其他句子描述了什么是nuclear family。本题其实考査哪个选项是对nuclearfamily的正确描述，明白了第2段的结构后，找出正确答案就不难了。
4.[C] 推理判断题。在最后一段第1句中，通过对比full-time和part-time的本义，以及联系上下文讲到的家庭现象，可以推断出part-time children应是指时不时和父亲或母亲生活的小孩，由此可见，选项C是正确答案。 选项A毫无原文依据，B明显错误，题干中问的是part-time children，故显然不可能spend all of their time,否则修饰语就应该是full-time,选项D与“It is not all that unusual…”相悖。
5.[C] 推理判断题。文章结尾处暗示了答案。原文并未讨论婚姻的功能，故选项A不对，选项B并无依据，选项D有悖第2段第1句的意思。
Teenage boys, regardless of race,are more likely to die from gunshot wounds than from allnatural causes combined.
By the time the average American child leaves primary school, he or she will witness 8,000murders and more than 100,000 acts of violence on television.
Youth are becoming involved in violence at an alarming rate. In fact, the young arrest rate formurder doubled, from 6 arrests per 100,000 youth aged from 10 to 17 to over 12 per 100,000.
The American Psychological Association Commission on Violence and Youth reported on a studyof first and second graders in Washington DC:45% said they had witnessed muggings (行凶抢劫),31 % said they had witnessed shootings, and 39% said they had seen dead bodies.
For the many youth who have not been directly exposed to violence in their own communities,the entertainment media (television, movies, music and video games) provides manyopportunities for children to see and hear violent exchanges. Research shows that there areabout 5-6 violent acts per hour on prime time and 20-25 violent acts on Saturday morningchildren’s programming. In its report, the American Psychological Association (APA) reportedthat viewing violence on television hurts children in many ways. In particular, the APAconcludes that children may become less sensitive to the pain and suffering of others,be morefearful of the world around them,be more likely to behave in aggressive or harmful waystoward others, and gradually accept violence as a way to solve problems. The AmericanAcademy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry also cautions that children may imitate theviolence they observe on television.
Another form of violence involving youth is physical punishment in the schools. This form ofdiscipline still remains legally supported in 23 nations in America. The Office for Civil Rights inthe Department of Education reported that 555，000 students were physically punished in theschools during this school year. Although such punishment has been regarded as an effectivemethod of discipline by those who apply it, the findings are obvious that physical punishmentdoes not work and that children who are victims of physical punishment are subject topotential long-term physical and emotional damage.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.According to the passage, the American teenage boys，lives are most threatened by______
A.gun murders
B.natural diseases
C.TV violence
D. physical punishment
2.The author tends to use the fourth paragraph to support the idea that _____
A.many youth have watched much violence on TV
B.youth violence in Washington D.C.is very serious
C.fights may be the most widely-seen youth violence
D.American youth have been exposed to much violence
3.The APA indicates that too much TV violence may change children ______
A.to become separated from the world
B.to remain indifferent to others’ pain
C.to solve problems only by violence
D.to be fearful of aggressive behaviors
4.The passage does NOT discus that many youth become victim of ______
A.murders B.family violence C. TV violence D.school violence
5.The author may most probably agree that physical punishment is _________
A. acceptable, though ineffective
B. illegal，though effective
C. harmful, though legal
D. reasonable, though illegal
1.[A] 事实细节题。本题考查对比处。根据第1段中的more likely…than可知选项A正确，选项B可由此排除。选项C和D虽在文中有提到，但作者并无讨论它们是否危及孩子的生命。
2.[D] 主旨大意题。文章第1和第2段提出话题:小孩接触太多暴力。第3段和第4段讨论小孩遇到的严重暴力，如murder, muggings等，为主题服务，因此本段应支持文章开头提出的话题。本段说明的是现实生活中的暴力，而非电视上的，故选项A不对,选项B和C都只是对本段中某个现象的描述。
3.[B] 推理判断题。本题考査列举处。选项B是对第5段倒数第2句中become less sensitive to the painand suffering of others的近义替换，因此正确。选项A中的isolated并不等同于文中的fearful，也不是因为害怕世界必然带来的结果。选项C中的only过于绝对，文中只说a way。选项D拼凑了原句中的某些词语，但文中并无此意。
4. [B] 主旨大意题。本文结构可分为四部分：第1段和第2段总起，指出论题;第二部分讨论murder等严重暴力;第三部分即第5段讨论TV violence;第四部分即最后一段讨论学校里的体罚，也就是schoolviolence。因此只有选项B没有在文中讨论。
5. [C] 观点态度题。根据最后一段,特别是最后一句，可以推断作者认为体罚不起作用，并对学生身心产生有害的影响，由此可见，作者不认同体罚，因此选项A和D不正确。选项B中的illegal与文中说法相反，因此也不正确。