英语四级阅读理解练习题附答案解析

　　英语四级阅读理解练习题(一)

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

　　A. describe that animals can make different sounds

　　B. prove that animals' voices can play practical roles

　　C. inspire the readers to make more inventions

　　D. startle the readers with some shocking facts

　　2. The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT

　　A. measuring the depth of the sea

　　B. distinguishing different kinds of fish

　　C. improving the functions of radar

　　D. varying the size and nature of an object

　　3. By saying "A shoal of fish will do this"(Lines 6-7, Para. 2), the author means________.

　　A. only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds

　　B. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　C. a large group of fish can reflect sounds

　　D. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　4. As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally comparedwith ________.

　　A. human languages

　　B. a mountainside

　　C. a shoal of fish

　　D. taps on a ship

　　5. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

　　A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.

　　B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.

　　C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.

　　D. Humans are often inspired by animals.

　　英语四级阅读理解练习题答案

　　1.[B] 主旨大意题。文章第1段就点明主题，明确指出以蝙蝠为例，动物发出的声音有实际作用，只有B可以概括文章的这个写作目的。

　　2.[C] 事实细节题。本题考査列举处，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相关提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干扰。在原文中，指的是回声因障碍物的不同而不同，而D偷换概念、曲解文意，D中的varying为及物动词，意为“改变”,显然不可能是回声定位的发现带来的功效。

　　3.[C] 词义推断题。本题考查对shoal的词义推测及代词this的理解。依据第2段最后几句话,可推测出a shoal of fish指的是“海里的一群鱼”;this则是指上一句提到的“任何固体都可以反射声音”，因此这句话表明一大群鱼就能像一个固体一样反射声音。

　　4.[D] 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，蝙蝠发出吱吱声可以探测障碍物的距离，而第2段也指出轻敲船体可测知海底的距离，因此在功能上,D与蝙蝠的吱吱声相同。A中的human languages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充当的都是障碍物的角色，因此都不正确。

　　5.[D] 推理判断题。文章先说动物的回声定位功能,再说到回声定位探测仪的发明,由此可见，是动物的某些能力启发了人类的创造，因此只有D可从文中推测。文章并没有从智力方面比较人类和动物，因此可以排除A 和B;尽管文章说到了蝙蝠和雷达的原理相似，但是C中的often一词无据可循，且C的说法浮于表面，没有说到重点，故排除。

　　英语四级阅读理解练习题(二)

　　Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic(脑电图的)sense we share it with all theprimates(灵长类动物)and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far asthe reptiles(爬行动物).

　　There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on thelife style. of the animal, and that predators(食肉动物)are statistically much more likely to dreamthan prey, which are inturn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep,the animal is powerfully immobilized(使固定不动)and remarkably unresponsive to externalstimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we haveall witnessed cats or dogs cocking theirears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare amongprey today seems clearly to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sensethat today,when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deepsleepthan the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of suchdeep immobilization ever have evolved?

　　Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact thatdolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, byand large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animal'svulnerability, Ray Meddis of London University has suggested this to be the case. It isconceivable that animals that are too stupid to be quite on their own initiative are, duringperiods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularlyclear for the young of predatory animals. This is an interesting notion and probably at leastpartly true.

　　练习题：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?

　　A.Evolution of Sleep.

　　B.Two Types of Sleep.

　　C.The Original Function of Sleep.

　　D.Animals and Sleep.

　　2.Predators are ___________.

　　A.able to prey even when they are in deep dream sleep

　　B.more likely to experience dream sleep

　　C.incapable of preying when immobilized by dreamless sleep

　　D.good at preying on stupid animals

　　3.The example of dogs and cats in the second paragraph is intended to _•

　　A. explain which animals are mammals

　　B. show the differences between mammals

　　C. illustrate how shallow dreamless sleep is

　　D. reveal how smart they are

　　4.Compare with dreamless sleep, deep dream sleep is _______.

　　A. not the result of natural selection

　　B. less likely to appear to primates

　　C. more protective to the animals

　　D. at a higher stage of evolution

　　5.According to some scientists’ research findings, dolphins seldom sleep because __.

　　A.of their stupidity

　　B.of their vulnerability

　　C.there are possible dangers in the ocean

　　D.aquatic mammals do not need sleep

　　英语四级阅读理解练习题答案

　　1.[A] 本文三段虽然讨论的内容各有侧重，但是都谈到了睡眠在各种动物中的差异以及发展的历史，具体用词如下:第1段第1句中的ancient,最后一句中的extend back;第2段最后一句中的evolved;第3段第1句中的original function。A比较准确地归纳了本文大意。B只是概括了第2段的内容;C只提及第3段的论述内容;D 似乎涵盖了三段内容,但是过于宽泛,不够具体。

　　2.[B] 根据第2段第1句第4个分句可知应选B。A的内容与该段第2句相悖;C中dreamless sleep应为dream sleep。D的内容文中没有涉及。

　　3.[C] 这个例子是为了证明无梦睡眠比较浅，即第2第3句的前半句，所以选C比较合适。所有例子都是为之前或之后的话提供例证，因此,作者使用例子的目的可以从该例子之前或之后的一句话找到。本题中，猫和狗的例 子是为了说明其前面的一句话,其他选项与此无关,均可排除。

　　4.[D] 根据第2段倒数第3句及末句，可以推断与无梦睡眠相比，深睡不动处于更髙的进化阶段。文中虽有提及无梦睡眠对于被捕食动物来说是一种自然选择，但并不意味着深睡不动不是自然选择，因此A不正确;该句也 提到“笨拙的动物与敏捷的动物相比，更少有深睡不动的时候”，primates属于smart ones,因此更有可能深睡不动,B与此相悖;文中暗示无梦睡眠使低级动物更警觉，从而起到一定的保护作用,C正好与这种理解相反，因此也不正确。

　　5. [C]最后一段第2句解释了第1句中所说的“海豚等睡眠少”的原因，C比较确切地反映了文章内容。A、B、D三项都与最后一段开头两句表达的意思无关。

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