英语四级写作范文句型详解：My Neighbor
我们家隔壁住着一位张先生，他是一个清道夫。
解说:
a.本句为地方副词短语置于句首的倒装句。
注意：
地方副词(here , there)，或地方副词短语(in the room, at the station , by the window等)，置于句首时，其后须用倒装句，此类倒装句全按动词的性质做变化，句型有下列三种:
(1)主语+不及物动+地方副词/地方副词短语
--> 地方副词/地方副词短语+不及物动+主语
例:An old woman sat there by the window.
--> There sat an old woman.
By the window sat an old woman.
那儿/窗旁坐着一位老太太。
本文即属此用法。
(2)主语+be动词+过去分词+地方副词/地方副词短语
-->地方副词/地方副词短语+be动词+过去分词+主语
例:A temple is located on top of the hill.
--> On top of the hill is located a temple.
那山顶上坐落着一间寺庙。
(3)主语+be动词+现在分词+地方副词/地方副词短语
-->现在分词+地方副词/地方副词短语+be动词+过去分词+主语
例:Some students were playing in front of the classroom.
-->Playing in front of the classroom were some students.
有些学生正在教室前面玩耍。
*此类方副词或地方副词短语所形成的倒装句，其好处是由于倒装句的主语在句尾，之后可接定语从句、分词短语或介词短语，用以修饰主语，扩大主语的内容，因而避免主语在句首修饰 语过多及与动词相距过远的毛病。
b. street-sweeper清道夫
sweep vt.打扫，清扫
三态为:sweep, swept, swept.
例:Mark quickly swept the floor after he spilt a glass of milk.
马克在打翻一杯牛奶后就很快地清扫了地板。
2. He is in his early sixties and looks quite stern;but, in fact, he is easy to get along with and is always considerate of others.
他年约60出头，看起来很严肃;但事实上，他很容易相处而且总是为别人设想。
解说:
a .in one's early sixties/mid-sixties/late sixties
某人年约60岁出头/65岁左右/接近70岁
例:He is still in good shape in his early nineties.
他年约90岁出头，但身体仍很硬朗。
b. stern a.严肃的
例:Although Prof. Newton is stern, we all like him.
虽然牛顿教授很严肃，但我们全都喜欢他。
c. get along with...与……相处
例:How are you getting along with the manager?
你与经理相处得如何?
d. considerate a.体谅的
considerable a.相当的，大量的
be considerate of…体谅……，为……设想
=be thoughtful of...
例:Jimmy is nice; he is always considerate of his wife.
吉米人很好，对太太总是很体贴。
Bud made considerable improvement on this exam.
巴德这次考试大有进步。
3.Even though he is uneducated, he is a pleasant man to talk to.
虽然他没受过教育，但和他交谈是件令人愉快的事。
解说:
a. even though…即使/虽然……
b. uneducated a.未受教育的，无学问的
educated a.受过教育的，有学养的
*educated常用well来修饰。
例:Uncle Bill is a well educated gentleman.
比尔叔叔是一位受过良好教育的绅士。
c. pleasant a.令人愉快的
例:It's pleasant to go on a picnic on a sunny Sunday
在阳光普照的星期天外出野餐是件令人愉快的事。
4.Rain or shine, he goes out to work in the early morning when there is little traffic on the road.
不论晴雨，他都会在一大早交通流量还很小时就出去工作。
解说:
a. rain or shine不论晴雨
=whether it rains or shines
=whether it's a rainy day or a sunny day
注意:
rain or shine为副词短语，通常置于句首，用来修饰其后的主句
例:Rain or shine.the postman must go out to deliver the mail.
不论晴雨.邮涕员都必须出去递送邮件。
b. traffic n.交通(量)
例:The traffic is always heavy on Chungshiao West Road.
忠孝西路上的交通流量总是很大。
5. Because uncaring people litter the streets with so much garbage，he cannot take a rest until noon.
因为那些没有公德心的人会在街道上乱丢大量的垃圾，所以他直到中午才能休息。
a. uncaring a.不关切的，漫不经心的
caring a.关切/关心的
例:We were all upset by Roger's uncaring attitude toward the tragic news.
罗杰对那悲痛消息不关切的态度使我们都很不高兴。
Despite all the abuse he went through, Mr. Kingsley is still very caring towards other people叫
虽然金斯利先生曾受过不少虐待，他仍然很关心别人。
b. litter vt.乱丢垃圾;使脏乱&n.垃圾
例:The room was littered with cigarette butts after the party.
聚会过后，房间丢满了烟蒂。
Litter floating in streams and rivers is a sad sight.
垃圾漂浮在溪流和河川中是个很可悲的景象。
c. garbage n.垃圾
解说:
garbage , litter , trash , rubbish皆表示“垃圾”，且均为不可数名词，如表示一件垃圾时，其前须用a piece of来修饰。
例:Don't dump your garbage into the river.
别把垃圾倒进河里
d. rest n.&vi.休息
take a rest 休息一下
例:Jim took a rest after reading for three hours.
吉姆在读了3小时的书后停下来休息一下.
The farmer spent twenty minutes resting under a tree.
那个农夫在树下休息了20分钟。
6.To my surprise, he never complains about his hard and dirty work.
令我惊讶的是，他从不抱怨他那辛苦又肮脏的工作。
解说:
complain Vi.&Vt.抱怨，不满
complain about+N/V-ing 抱怨……
例:Every time I see Lily, she complains about her lazy husband.
每次我看到莉莉，她都在抱怨她那位懒惰的丈夫.
Mr. Brown complained that his boss always finds fault with him.
布朗先生抱怨他的老板老是对他吹毛求疵。
7.In a word, I don't look down upon him just because he is a street-sweeper;instead, I respect my kind neighbor.
总之，我不会因他是个清道夫就看不起他;相反地，我尊敬我的这位好邻居。
解说:
a. in a word 总之
=to sum up
=in a nutshell
=in conclusion
例:In conclusion, it's unwise of you to lend Sam money.
总之，你借钱给山姆是不明智的.
b. look down upon sb 瞧不起/轻视某人
=despise sb
despise vt.轻视
look up to sb 尊敬某人
=respect sb
例:We should not look down upon the poor.
我们不该轻视穷人
All the students look up to their principal.
所有的学生都尊敬他们的校长.
c. instead adv. 相反地，而
例:Joe didn't go to school;instead，he went to a movie with his girlfriend.
乔没有去土学，而是和女友去看电影.