英语六级翻译练习题

　　1.由石头刻成:可译为is carved out of stone。注意这里介词out of的使用。

　　2.常见的装饰物:可译为common ornament。

　　3.—对狮子:可译为paired lions。还可以用a pair of lions表达。

　　4.不是我们所熟悉的狮子:“我们所熟悉的狮子”可用定语从句译为the lions we are familiar with，be familiar with 意为“对...熟悉”。

　　5.引入:使用词组be introduced into表达。

　　6.驱除邪灵:可译为drive away the evil spirits。

　　长安，今称西安，是唐朝的都城。唐朝时期的长安约比今天的西安大11倍，是具有国际声誉的大都市(metropolis)。长安的街道和住宅设计得像一个棋盘，东西布局整洁、匀称。长安城内，很多街道的宽度都超过了100米。长安也是当时中国的文化中心，有丰富多样的娱乐活动，如音乐、舞蹈、斗鸡(cock fighting)等。很多日本和朝鲜的学生纷纷来到长安学习，中亚的商人经丝绸之路(the Silk Road) 聚集在此。长安城约100万人口之中，外国人就超过了1万户。

　　Chang'an，now called Xi'an，was the capital city ofthe Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty,Chang'an was nearly eleven times as large as today'sXi'an，and was a metropolis with an internationalreputation. The streets and residences of Chang'anwere designed like a chessboard, with neat and well-proportioned layout of the east and west.Lots of streets and avenues inside the city were over100 meters wide.Chang'an was also the cultural center of China at that time，with rich andcolorful entertainment activities such as music，dancing,cock fighting，etc.Many students fromJapan and Korea came to study in Chang'an，and merchants from Central Asia went along theSilk Road to gather there.Among the population of about one million in Chang'an，there weremore than 10,000 foreign households.

　　1.今称西安:作为同位语，可译为now called Xi'an，也可以说now known as Xi'an。

　　2.具有国际声誉的大都市:可译为a metropolis with aninternational reputation。

　　3.设计得像一个棋盘:可译为be designed like achessboard。

　　4.布局:可译为layout。“东西布局”即 layout of the eastand west。

　　5.匀称:可译为well-proportioned或well-balanced。

　　6.宽度都超过了100米:可译为over 100 meters wide 或over 100 meters in width。

　　7.—万户:其中“户”可译为household，且用复数。

　　自隋朝起,封建政府开始从科举考试(imperial examination)合格的应试者中选拔官员。参加科举考试的人有两种:一种由学馆选送的学生构成,叫做生徒 (shengtu);另一种叫做乡贡(xianggong),由县试合格者构成。唐朝的科举考试一般由礼部(Ministry of Rites)主持。考生考取后,再经吏部(Ministry of Personnel)复试,根据成绩授予相应的官职。科举制度一直被多朝沿用,直到中国最后一个封建王朝—清朝。然而,明清时期,科举制度演变成严格、呆板的制度,阻碍了中国考试制度的现代化和科学化发展。

　　Since the Sui Dynasty,the feudal government startedto select officials from the qualified candidates inthe imperial examinations.There were two kinds ofpeople taking the imperial examination.One wascomprised of students chosen by academies, whowere called shengtu; the other kind,called xianggong, was made up of those who had passedthe examinations held by counties.The imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty was usuallyheld by the Ministry of Rites.Those who passed the examination would be re-examined by theMinistry of Personnel and be conferred with relevant official positions according to theirexamination results.The imperial examination system was used throughout many dynastiesuntil China's last imperial dynasty,the Qing Dynasty.However, during the Ming and QingDynasties,the imperial examination system became a strict and rigid institution whichstopped China from adopting modern and scientific methods.

　　1.选拔官员:可译为select officials。

　　2.学馆:即古代的学校,此处的“学校”可以推荐当官,可见译为school不合适, 能够推荐当官的应该是高等学府,故译为academy。

　　3.由…构成:可用词组be comprised of来表达,还可以用词组consist of, be made up of。

　　4.生徒:中国古代特有名词,英语中没有对应的词,故可用汉语拼音译为shengtu。后面的“乡贡”也同理,译为xianggong。

　　5.县试:即由县里组织的考试,故可译为examinations held by counties。

　　6.复试:可以用re-examine表达。

　　7.呆板的:可译为rigid。

　　8.阻碍了中国考试制度的现代化和科学化发展:可理解为“阻碍了中国采用现代化和科学的方法”,故可译为定语从句which stopped China from adopting modern and scientific methods。