大学英语六级翻译强化练习及译文

　　In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns tomake bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluishwhite porcelain was glittering and had thereputation of artificial jade, so it became famoushome and abroad and was exported to Europe inlarge amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain fromChina，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnanwas luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would makepeople feel very proud. In this way，Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china(porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the originalmeaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”.

　　在中国，酒(white spirit)作为一种特殊的文化形式，有着5000多年的历史。确 超所著的《杯里春秋》(The Springand Autumn in the Cup)—书认为，喝酒有点像学问，而不是大吃大喝。中国历史上有很多关于酒的故事。唐代伟大诗人李白可以“斗酒诗百篇”，喝得越多，他的诗就作得越好。在中国民俗中，酒有着极其重要的地位。不论是君王还是平民，都用烈酒(spirit)庆祝各个节日、婚礼、生日聚会， 纪念逝者，为亲友接风或送行，庆贺好消息，摆脱焦虑和治疗疾病以求长寿。

　　White spirit，as a special form of Chinese culture, has a history of more than 5,000 years. According to the book The Spring and Autumn in the Cup by Lin Chao，white spirit drinking is something of learning rather than eating and drinking. There are many stories about white spirit in Chinese history. The great poet Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty could “write 100 poems after drinking white spirit”，and the more white spirit he drank, the better his poem would be. White spirit plays an extremely important role in Chinese folk custom. Spirits are used to celebrate different festivals，wedding ceremonies and birthday parties，to memorize the departed，to welcome and send off relatives and friends, to congratulate the good news and to get rid of anxiety，to cure diseases and prolong life，both for emperors and ordinary people.

　　脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧—京剧里男演员脸部的彩色化妆。 它在色彩、形式和类型上有一定的格式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、粉和油彩画成，基 本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被广泛用于代 表、官员、英雄、神灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围形状各异的白色小块, 可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸。

　　Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on theface of the actors in Peking Opera, which is atraditional Chinese opera. It has certain format interms of color,design and type.Red，yellow，white，black，purple，green and silverare the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designsfor the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of ZhengLzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San Kuai Wa Lian(three-section face) and SuiLian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals,officials，heroes,gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in variousshapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black, oftencalled Xiao Hua Lian(partly painted face).