英语六级翻译模拟练习题及译文
科学研究的方法不过是人类思维运作的必要模式的表现：这种模式就是通过它来推理、论证所有的现象并给出精确的解释。用普通的天平称货物的面包师与用精密天平的化学家在操作与方法上的区别并不是面包师的天平与化学家的天平在构造上和工作原理上的不同，而只是后者是比前者精密得多的仪器，当然也能得出比前者更准确的结果。
The method of scientific investigation is nothing butthe expression of the necessary mode of working ofthe human mind: it is simply the mode by which allphenomena are reasoned about and given preciseand exact explanations. The difference between theoperations and methods of a baker weighing out hisgoods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist by means of his balance is not thatthe scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of theirconstruction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and ofcourse much more accurate in its measurement than the former.
讽刺文学的存在是因为有对它的需求。他之所以延续下来是因为它给读者带来耳目一新的刺激，毫不留情地提醒着他们生存的世界是一个充满陈腐的思想、廉价的道德和愚蠢的哲学的地方，而这些恰恰赢来读者的欣赏。
Satire exists because there is need for it. It has livedbecause readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus,an irreverent reminder that they live in a world ofplatitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolishphilosophy.
《孙子兵法》是中国古代最伟大的军事理论著作，也是中国古籍在世界上影响最为广泛的著作之一。它所阐述的谋略思想和哲学思想，被广泛地运用于军事、政治、经济等各领域中。《孙子兵法》的作者孙武总结春秋时期的战争经验，揭示了一系列带普遍性的军事规律，提出了一套完整的军事理论体系。《孙子兵法》共13篇，每篇一个主题。比如《谋攻》篇讲述如何进攻敌国。孙武主张以尽可能小的代价，去取得最大的成功，力求不战而胜，他指出：用兵的上策首先是以政治谋略取胜，其次是用外交手段，再次是使用武力，下策才是攻城。
The Art of War is one of most famous works onmilitary theory of ancient China.It is also one of themost influential Chinese ancient books in theworld.It elaborates on strategic and philosophicthinking which have been applied widely to variousfields,such as military,politics,economy,etc.Its author,Sun Wu,summed up the experience ofwars in the Spring and Autumn period,showing a series of universal laws of military.At last,heput forward an integrated system of military theory.The book is divided into thirteenchapters,and each chapter has a topic.For example,the chapter titled The Strategic Attack tellsus how to attack enemies.Sun Wu advocated that we should achieve the biggest success at apossibly minimum cost,and even sometimes made it without war.He pointed out that there werefour ways to win a war:the best was political strategy,the second diplomacy,the thirdforce,and the worst attacking a city.
考点解析：
《孙子兵法》的作者孙武总结春秋时期的战争经验，揭示了一系列带普遍性的军事规律，提出了一套完整的军事理论体系。
分析:
本句是由三个短句构成的长句，包含两层意思，前两句是说孙武前期的经验总结，处理成“主句+伴随状语”: Itsauthor,Sun Wu,summed up the experience of wars in the Spring and Autumn period,showing aseries of universal laws of military,最后一句是说他最终的成就，单独译为一个句子: At last,he putforward an integrated system of military theory。