英语六级仔细阅读练习附答案详解
The "paperless office" has earned a proud place on lists of technological promises that didnot come to pass. Surely, though, the more modest goal of he carbon-paperless office is withinthe reach of mankind? Carbon paper allows two copies of a document to be made at once.Nowadays, a couple of keystrokes can do the same thing with a lot less fuss.
Yet carbon paper persists. Forms still need to be filled out in a way that produces copies.This should not come as a surprise. Innovation tends to create new niches( 合适的职业), ratherthan refill those that already exist. So technologies may become marginal, but they rarely goextinct. And today the little niches in which old technologies take refuge are ever more viableand accessible, thanks to the Internet and the fact that production no longer needs to be somass; making small numbers of obscure items is growing easier.
On top of that, a widespread Technology of nostalgia(技术怀旧 ) seeks to preserve all theways people have ever done anything, simply because they are kind of neat. As a resulttechnologies from all the way back to the stone age persist and even flourish in the modernworld. According to What Technology Wants, a book by Kevin Kelly, one of the founders ofWired magazine, America's flintknappers (燧石) produce over a million new arrow and spearheads every year. One of the things technology wants, it seems, is to survive.
Carbon paper, to the extent that it may have a desire for self-preservation, may also takecomfort in the fact that, for all that this is a digital age, many similar products are hanging on,and even making comebacks. Indeed, digital technologies may prove to be more transient thantheir predecessors. They are based on the idea that the medium on which a file's constituent0s and 1s are stored doesn't matter, and on Alan Turing's insight that any computer canmimic any other, given memory enough and time. This suggests that new digital technologiesshould be able to wipe out their predecessors completely. And early digital technologies doseem to be vanishing. The music cassette is enjoying a little renaissance, its very faithlessnessapparently part of its charm; but digital audio tape seems doomed.
So revolutionary digital technologies may yet discard older ones to the dustbin. Perhapsthis will be the case with a remarkable breakthrough in molecular(分子的) technology thatcould, in principle, store all the data ever recorded in a device that could fit in the back of avan. In this instance, it would not be a matter of the new extinguishing the old. Though it maynever have been used for MP3s and PDFs before, DNA has been storing data for over threebillion years. And it shows no sign of going extinct.
56. Which of the following is TRUE about the carbon paper?
A) It is the key to paperless office.
B) It will be replaced by the computer soon.
C) It is more troublesome than the computer.
D) It can hardly survive in the digital age.
57. According to the passage, "viable" ( Line 4, Para. 2) means __
A) secure
B) dynamic
C) feasible
D) flexible
58. Why does the author mention the example of What Technology Wants by Kevin Kelly?
A) To point out that old Technology of nostalgia will flourish in the modern world.
B) To illustrate the importance of flintknappers.
C) To show that flintknapping is one of the stone age technologies.
D) To prove that old technologies seemingly never die.
59. What can be inferred about digital technologies?
A) Digital audio tape will be vanished because of its accuracy.
B) Digital technologies have been proved to outlive the old technologies.
C) Early digital technologies will never go extinct.
D) The future of digital technologies will be used for DNA research.
60. The passage mainly concerned with
A) the difficulty of the realization of paperless office
B) the fact that newest technologies may die out while the oldest survive
C) the reason why old technologies will never be on the edge of extinction
D) the importance of keeping improving technologies all the time
英语六级仔细阅读练习二
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
Recent reports suggest that tea can cause brittle bones-but you'll probably be safe if youdrink less than a gallon a day.
Do you fancy a cup of tea? We drink, on average, three mugs a day. But you might want totry another strong alcohol after hearing the case of a 47-year-old woman, published in the NewEngland Journal of Medicine (NEJM), who developed brittle bones and lost all of her teeth afterdrinking too much tea.
Tea may not be so great for prostates (前列腺) either. Last year, research from theUniversity of Glasgow found that men who drank more than seven or more cups of tea a dayhad a 50% higher risk of prostate cancer. And in 2009 a paper in the British Medical Journalshowed that drinking very hot tea(70oC or more) increased the likelihood of esophageal (食管的) cancer.
Still gasping for that cup of tea? There is some evidence that tea can be good for you too,with antioxidant properties, so maybe you're not actually drinking enough of the stuff.
The poor woman in the NEJM study is not alone. There are a few other cases of people whohave damaged their bones through too much tea. But she (like those in other studies) wasdrinking excessive amounts: 100 - 150 tea bags a day to make 12 cups of tea. A litre of teacan contain up to 9mg of fluoride(氟化物), which in excess can cause skeletal fluorosis ( 氟中毒), reducing bone quality and causing pain and stiffening of the ligaments (韧带). Otherstudies show you generally need to drink a gallon a day for three decades to develop thiscondition.
You also shouldn't worry about the Glasgow study as it wasn't designed to show thatdrinking tea actually caused prostate cancer. All it proved was an association and people wereonly asked how much tea they drank at the start of the study, which went on for about 28years.
The National Cancer Institute in the U.S. concludes that the evidence isn't good enough tosay tea either harms or helps our health. However it does seem sensible in the light of the BMJstudy to wait for your tea to cool down for a few minutes.
Black tea, which makes up 75% of the world's consumption, may have healthy propertiesfrom its plant chemicals called poly phenols(多酚), which are antioxidants. Green tea containsmore poly phenols but isn't so nice to dunk digestives into.
A review of the evidence in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, sponsored by the TeaCouncil--which, the authors say, had no part in the study--found the research showed morethan three cups of black tea a day reduced heart disease. It found no evidence of harm "inamounts typically consumed". So as long as you drink less than a gallon of tea a day youshould be absolutely fine.
61. What can be inferred about tea from Paragraph 3?
A) Very hot tea may cause prostate cancer.
B) There may be a link between very hot tea and esophageal cancer.
C) Over-drinking tea is the cause of prostate cancer.
D) Drinking too much tea may worsen esophageal cancer.
62. Excessive intake of fluoride may
A) increase the likelihood of heart attack
B) cause the bone fracture
C) cause fluorosis in the blood
D) weaken the bone quality and hurt the ligaments
63. Which of the following instructions is encouraged to practice?
A) Drinking less tea in the future.
B) Drinking no tea at all.
C) Drinking tea that is not too hot.
D) Drinking green tea instead of black tea.
64. Black tea is considered as healthy drink because
A) it contains antioxidants
B) it is made from plant
C) poly phenols are added to it
D) it helps one digest
65. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A) Under no circumstance can you drink more than a gallon of tea a day.
B) Black tea can be seen as a cure for heart disease.
C) Drinking tea does no harm at all, regardless of how much you consume.
D) Tea Council's participation into the research may decrease its credibility.
答案解析：
56.C)。定位 由题干中的carbon paper 定位到第一段最后两句：Carbon paper allows two copies of adocument to be made at once. Nowadays, a coupleof keystrokes can do the same thing with a lot lessfuss.
详解 事实细节题。本题考查对复写纸的理解。由定位句“复写纸可迅速地把一份文件印出两份复件。如今，敲几下键盘就可以做到同样的事情，而且还省去了不少麻烦”可知，复写纸使用起来要比计算机麻烦，故答案为C)。A)“复写纸是无纸化办公的关键”和B)“复写纸很快会被计算机所取代”均未在原文提及，故排除;第二段第一句指出“复写纸依旧存在着”，而非D)“复写纸在数字时代很难存活”，故排除。
57.C)。详解 由题干提示定位到第二段末句：And today the little niches in which oldtechnologies take refuge are ever more viable and accessible，thanks to the Internet and thefact that production no longer needs to be so mass：making small numbers of obscure itemsis growing easier.
详解 语义理解题。本题考查“viable”的词意。定位句提到“现如今，由于互联网技术以及不再需要大规模生产这一事实，那些古老技术赖以延续的微小职业正变得越来越容易存活并且容易入门”，根据上下文可推断出，viable应与accessible为同一语义场，即“可行的，易存活的”，故正确答案为C)。A)secure“安全的”、B)dynamic“活力的”和D)flexible“灵活的”均不符合题意.故排除。
58.D)。详解 根据题干What Technology Wants和Kevin Kelly定位到第三段倒数第一、二句：According to What Technology Wants，a book by Kevin Kelly，one of the founders of Wiredmagazine，America's flintknappers produce over a million new arrow and spear heads everyyear.One of the things technology wants，it seems，is to survive.
详解 事实细节题。本题考查作者以凯文·凯利所著《技术想要什么》为例的目的。定位句提到“《连线》杂志创始人之一凯文·凯利在其《技术想要什么》一书中称，美国的燧石工每年生产超过100万支新箭头和矛头，技术所想露的事情之一似乎就是存活下去。”而作者在定位句前一句指出“所以，从石器时代以来的技术得以存在，甚至在现代世界兴盛起来。”故本文作者以凯文·凯利所著《技术想要什么》为例旨在证明旧技术似乎永远都不会消亡，故D)为答案。A)“旨在指出旧技术在现代社会将兴盛起来”为过度推断，故排除;B)“旨在说明燧石工的重要性”和C)“旨在说明燧石是石器时代以来的一门旧技术”均为对原文的曲解，故排除。
59.A)。详解 由题干中的digital technologies定位到倒数第二段最后两句：And early digitaltechnologies do seem to be vanishing.The music cassette is enjoying a little renaissance，itsvery faithlessness apparently part of its charm;but digtal audio tape seems doomed.
详解 推理判断题。本题考查对数字技术的理解。由定位句可知“音乐磁带正悄然成为复兴的潮流，失真特质似乎正是其魅力的一部分;但数字录音带似乎难逃消亡厄运”，由此可推出，数字录音带似乎难逃消亡厄运是由于其保真，可被复制，故答案为A)。该段第二句指出“事实上，数字技术的存在时间可能比之前的技术更加短暂”，而非存活得更久，故排除B)“数字技术要比老的技术存活得更久”;C)“早期的数字技术永远都不会灭绝”与该段倒数第二句“早期的数字技术似乎的确正在消失”不符，故排除;D)“数字技术在未来会被应用于DNA研究”原文并未提及，故排除。
60.B)。详解 本题考查全文主旨，应对全文进行整体把握。详解 主旨大意题。文章以复写纸为例说明旧技术不会消亡，接下来论证其原因，最后表明最新的技术看起来最有可能消失;而最古老的技术有可能一直与我们相伴，故答案为B)。A)“无纸办公室实现的困难性”仅在文中第一段提及，故排除;C)“为什么旧技术永远不会消亡”仅在文中第二、三段涉及，故排除;D)“不断更新技术的重要性”是对原文的曲解，故排除。
61.B)。定位 由题干提示定位到第三段：Tea may not be so great for prostates either.Lastyear，research from the University of Glasgow found that men who drank more than seven ormore cups of tea a day had a 50% higher risk of prostate cancer.And in 2009 a paper in theBritish Medical Journal showed that drinking very hot tea(70。C or more)increased thelikelihood of esophageal cancer.
定位 推理判断题。本题考查读者对该段意思的准确理解。定位段指出“饮茶似乎对前列腺也没有益处。去年，格拉斯哥大学研究发现每天饮用超过七杯茶的男性患前列腺癌的风险会高出50%。2009年，《英国医学期刊》的一篇论文指出饮用过热的茶(70摄氏度或以上)会增加患食道癌的可能性”，故答案为B)。A)“过热的茶可能会引起前列腺癌”文中未提及，故排除;C)“饮茶过量是前列腺癌的原因”属于过度推断，故排除;D)“饮茶过量可能会使食道癌恶化”文中并未提及，故排除。
62.D)定位 南题干中的fluoride定位到第五段第四句：A litre of tea can contain up to 9mg offluoride，which in excess can cause skeletal fluorosis，reducing bone quality and causing painand stiffening of the ligaments.
详解 事实细节题。本题考查过量摄入氟化物的危害。定位句提到“一升茶水含有9毫克的氟化物，如果氟化物摄入过量，那么会造成人体骨骼氟中毒，骨质下降.韧带疼痛僵硬”，故D)为答案。A)“增加患心脏病的风险”与文意不符，故排除;B)“造成骨折”是对原文“骨质下降”的曲解，故排除;C)“造成血内氟中毒”与文意不符，故排除。
63.C)。定位 由题干中的instructions is encouraged to practice以及各选项定位到第七段第二句：However it does seem sensible in the light of the BMJ study to wait for your tea to cooldown for a few minutes.
详解 事实细节题。本题考查作者认为读者应采纳的建议。定位句指出“但是，鉴于《英国医学期刊》的研究，等几分钟让茶水放凉一些还是有意义的”，故C)为答案。A)“以后少喝茶”、B)“一点茶也不要喝”和D)“喝绿茶，不要喝红茶”都是对文意的曲解，故均排除。
64.A)。定位 由题干中的black tea定位到倒数第二段第一句：Black tea，which makes up 75% ofthe world’s consumption.may have healthy properties from its plant chemicals called polyphenols，which are antioxidants.
详解 事实细节题。本题考查红茶保健的原因。由定位句可知“红茶，占世界茶类饮用量的75%，可能因其含有植物化合物(即抗氧化的多酚)从而具有保健作用。”故答案为A)。B)“红茶由植物制成”、C)“红茶添加了多酚”和D)“红茶助消化”均与文意不符，故排除。
65.D)。定位 由题干中的last paragraph定位到原文最后一段：A review of the evidence in theEuropean Journal of Clinical Nutrition, sponsored by the Tea Council-which, the authors say, hadno part in the study--found the research showed more than three cups of black tea a dayreduced heart disease. It found no evidence of harm "in amounts typically consumed". So aslong as you drink less than a gallon of tea a
day you should be absolutely fine.
详解 推理判断题。本题考查堵着对该段意思的准确理解。由定位段可知“对由茶叶理事会赞助的《欧洲临床营养学杂志》的一项证据研究(作者表示茶叶理事会并未参与到研究中)发现，每日饮用三倍以上红茶可以减少患心脏病的概率，且没有标明饮用特订立的茶水会对人体有害。只要你每天音超不超过一加仑，那么绝对没有问题”。原味特别指处茶叶理事会未参与到研究中，可以推知或许会因为茶叶理事会的立场，会导致研究结果可信度下降，故答案为D)。A)“无论何时每日饮茶量绝对不超过一加仑”属于过度推断，故排除;B)“红茶可以治疗心脏病”属于过于推断，故排除;C)“无论饮用量为多少，茶完全无害”与原文逻辑不符，故排除。