高考英语倒装句考点讲解

时间：2024-01-13 12:52:02 焯杰2 英语备考

　　出于语法和修辞目的(强调，承上启下，平衡等)的需要，把谓语的一部分或全部句子的其他成分放在主语之前，叫倒装语序。

　　二、倒装句的种类

　　{C}{C}①{C}{C}完全倒装提前部分+谓语动词+主语。

　　{C}{C}②{C}{C}部分倒装提前部分+助动词+主语+谓语相当于提前部分+一般疑问句。

　　{C}{C}③{C}{C}形式倒装只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。

　　三、方法提炼

　　掌握倒装句的关键在于记住哪些部分需要提前，分清倒装类别。熟记倒装特征与类型。做题方法：一看强调部分，二看主语单复数，三看谓语时态、语态来定助动词。

　　第一类：总结全部倒装的条件

　　{C}{C}1.{C}{C}句首：表示方位，方向地点或时间的副词或副词短语置于句首且主语是名词的全部倒装如：Here comes a bus . Here it comes(主语是代词的不倒装).

　　Here，there，then，up，down，away，off，in the room，on the wall 等置于句首。

　　{C}{C}2.{C}{C}谓语：表示静态存在或动态趋势的动词如：位于(lie)冲(rush)来(come)走(go)跑(run)升(rise)站立(stand)住(live)坐(sit)挂(hang)

　　总结公式There (on the wall，in the south of …)+谓语+主语

　　高考链接1. At the meeting place the Yangtze River and the Jialing River___lies_(lie) Chong Qing, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　2. John opened the door, There_stood____ (stand) a girl he had never seen before.

　　3.—Is everyone here?

　　—Not yet …Look, there_come____ (come) the rest of our guests.

　　4. Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away___fled___ (flee) the thief.

　　5, For a moment nothing happened. Then__came___ (come) the voice all shouting together.

　　6. Here____are__ (be) two tickets for tonight’s concert.

　　7. South of the river___lies__ (lie) a small factory.

　　8. Such___was____ (be) Albert Einstein, a simple man and 20th century’s greatest scientist.

　　第二类：总结部分倒装(半倒装)的条件。

　　1.具有否定/半否定意义的副词或介词短语放在句首。

　　Never , nor ,not ,hardly(几乎不),little ,seldom ,scarcely(几乎不),rarely(少有地)，at no time(任何时候决不)in/under no circumstances ,in no case(任何情况下决不)by no means(任何方式决不)on no condition(任何条件决不)等放句首时。

　　以及句式：No sooner had sb done sth than sb did sth.(一……就……)

　　Hardly/scarcely had sb done when sb did sth. (一……就……)

　　2.so或neither或nor表示“也/也不”

　　句式So/Neither/Nor+一般疑问句

　　如—You are a student

　　—So am I.

　　—You aren’t a teacher.

　　—Neither/Nor is he.

　　3. so/such… that…表示如此… 以至于…

　　句式：so/such…+一般疑问句+that…

　　如：He is such a good student that all his classmates admire him

　　——Such a good student is he that all his classmates admire him

　　The weather is so fine that all of us want to go outing

　　——So fine is the weather that all of us want to go outing

　　4.以had/were/should开头省略if的虚拟条件句

　　句式had/should +主+谓

　　Were+主+其他

　　如If I were you(were I you),I should study hand

　　If he had studied hard (Had he studied hard), he could have made great progress last term

　　If it should rain (should it rain), I would stay at home

　　5.only+状语(介词短语.副词和状语从句)放句首，主句需要部分倒装

　　句式：only+状语+一般疑问句

　　注意：only修饰主语句子不倒装

　　Only after the war did he learn the sad news

　　Only when he returned did we find out the truth

　　Only he can answer the question

　　基础训练

　　1. I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark

　　Hardly______do I think_____________ it possible to finish the job before dark

　　2.We shall give up under no circumstances。

　　____ Under no circumstances shall we give up_______

　　3.He had no sooner taken office than he got down to carrying out reforms(改革)to the company

　　______No sooner had he taken office than……____________________________

　　4.He not only makes the most of his time to study, but also take an active part in all kinds of after-class activities

　　Not only ____does he_________ make the most of his time to study, but also take…

　　5. He didn't stop working until he was tired out.

　　Not until he was tired out __did he____ ___stop working

　　6.He doesn't enjoy listening to pop music ,I don’t enjoy listening to pop music ,either.

　　He doesn't enjoy listening to pop music, neither__do I enjoy listening_____

　　7. He realized his mistake only when he was eighteen

　　______Only when he was eighteen _did_he realize his mistake _____________

　　8. Without your parents, you couldn't live a happy life; you couldn't have the chance to go abroad, either.

　　Without your parents, neither____could you live a happy life_______

　　______, nor__could you have the chance to go abroad.___.

　　9.He likes surfing the Internet ,________so do I __________(我也一样)

　　10.If you don't attend the party ,_____neither will I ______________(我也不参加)

　　第三类：总结形式倒装的条件

　　1.the more ,the more (more代表形容词和副词的比较级)

　　2.whatever或however引导让步状语

　　3.as/though引导让步状语

　　4.感叹句

　　①句式：The more 主+谓，the more 主+谓。

　　例句The more you listen to English ,the easier it will become.

　　②句式：However+形容词/副词+主+谓

　　例句However difficult the problem may be ,we must work it out this evening.

　　③句式：Whatever+名词+主语+谓语

　　例句:Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.

　　④句式：名词/形容词/副词/动词+as/though+主+谓

　　例句：Tired as /though he was ,he still went on with his work

　　注意：如果是a/an+名词提前冠词省略

　　尽管他还是个孩子，他知道的很多

　　________Boy as he is ,he knows a lot.

　　⑤感叹句。句式what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语

　　What a/an+形容词+名词单数+主+谓

　　How+形/副+主+谓

　　实战演练

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Once upon a time 1_________ lived a very strong woodcutter who asked for a job in a timber(木材)merchant, and he got it. The pay was really good and so

　　2________(be)the work conditions. For that reason, the woodcutter was

　　determined to do his best. His boss gave him an axe and showed him the area

　　where he was supposed to work.

　　The first day, the woodcutter brought 18 trees." Congratulations," the boss said. "Go on that way!"

　　So motivated(积极的) 3_____(be)the woodcutter for the boss’s words that he

　　thought that 4 _________I try harder the next day, l could bring more, but hardly

　　5__________(be)he able to bring more than 15 trees. The third day he tried even

　　harder, 6__________ he could only bring 10 trees. Day after day so few trees 7 ____________he bringing that the woodcutter thought he was sure to be losing his

　　strength. Up to the boss 8_________(go)the woodcutter and apologized,

　　“9_________ disappointing my efforts were! 1 couldn’t understand what was going on” “When 10_______ the last time you sharpen your axe?"

　　the boss asked. "Sharpen? I had no time to sharpen my axe. I have been busy trying to cut trees...”

　　练习题答案：

　　1. there 2. were 3was 4. should 5. was 6. but 7. was 8 went 9. How 10. was