2017高考英语阅读理解练习题附答案

　　2017高考英语阅读理解练习题：人物传记类

　　Arthur Miller (1915—2005) is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller‘s father had moved to the USA from Austria??Hungary， drawn like so many others by the “Great American Dream”。 However， he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.

　　Miller’s most famous play， Death of a Salesman， is a powerful attack on the American system， with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman， the hero of the play， we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment： if he can‘t do the work， then he is no good to his employer， the Wagner Company， and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this， and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.

　　When it was first staged in 1949， the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews， and it won the Tony Award for Best Play， the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award， and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.

　　Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury， Connecticut， on the evening of February 10， 2005， the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.

　　1.Why did Arthur Miller‘s father move to the USA?

　　A. He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.

　　B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream.”

　　C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist.

　　D. His family business failed

　　2.The play Death of a Salesman________.

　　A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world

　　B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company

　　C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller

　　D. focuses on the skills in doing business

　　3.What can we learn about Willy Loman?

　　A. He treats his employer badly.

　　B. He runs the Wagner Company.

　　C. He is a victim of the American system.

　　D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.

　　4.After it was first staged， Death of a Salesman________.

　　A. achieved huge success

　　B. won the first Tony Award

　　C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen

　　D. was severely attacked by dramatists

　　5.What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Arthur Miller and his family.

　　B. The awards Arthur Miller won.

　　C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced.

　　D. Arthur Miller and his best??known play.

　　答案与解析

　　1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Miller’s father had moved to the USA from Austria??Hungary，drawn like so many others by the ‘Great American Dream’”可知，他父亲移居美国像其他许多人一样是受当年伟大的美国梦吸引。

　　2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，这部戏剧对美国制度是一个抨击，它表现了咄咄逼人的做生意的方式以及坚信金钱和社会地位才是财富的象征。主人公Willy陷入困境，然而生意场上残酷无情：如果他做不了，那么对老板而言，他就一无是处，他必须离开。故此部戏剧揭露了美国职场的残酷。

　　3.C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“Willy is painfully aware of this， and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end.”可知主人公面对失败无所适从，无法面对现实，从而走向毁灭，成了美国资本主义制度下美国梦的牺牲者。故选C项。

　　4.A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，这部戏剧自1949第一次搬上银幕就获得了“托尼戏剧音乐奖”、“纽约戏剧评论奖”、“普利策戏剧奖”三项大奖，获得极大的成功。因此A项正确。

　　5.D　主旨大意题。纵观全文不难看出本文主要介绍Arthur Miller 以及他的戏剧Death of a Salesman《推销员之死》。其他选项都不全面，只是文中叙述的一部分。故D项正确。

　　2017高考英语阅读理解练习题：科普小品类

　　(一)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)

　　For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，self??awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence.

　　Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror， that is，its own reflected image (反射出的影像)。 Many animals fail this exercise bitterly， paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans， and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.

　　Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences， researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self??reflection test.

　　“We thought that elephants were the next important animal.” said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society， an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains， Reiss said， elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins”.

　　The researchers tested Happy， Maxine and Patty， three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8??foot??square mirror on a wall of the animals‘ play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras， including one built in the mirror.

　　The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it， and to examine parts of their bodies.

　　Of the three， Happy then passed the test， in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror， and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.

　　Diana Reiss said， “We knew elephants were intelligent， but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”

　　1.What can mirror tests tell us about animals?

　　A.Whether they have large brains.

　　B.Whether they have self??awareness.

　　C.Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.

　　D.Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.

　　2.Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?

　　A.They are most familiar to readers.

　　B.They are big favorites with zoo visitors.

　　C.They are included in the study by Reiss.

　　D.They are already known to be intelligent.

　　3.What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?

　　A.She used her nose to search behind the mirror.

　　B.She recognized her own image in the mirror.

　　C.She painted a mark on her own face.

　　D.She found the hidden camera.

　　答案与解析

　　1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，通过研究动物是否在镜子中识别自己可以测试它们的自我意识。

　　2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者提到猿和海豚是因为它们和人一样可以识别镜中自己的形象，是人们已知的有智力的动物;再根据第三段，一个亚洲象也通过了该测试，也加入到有智力的行列里，故选D项。

　　3.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段，三个大象中只有Happy通过了镜子测试，也就是说只有她能识别镜中自己的形象，因此这是她有别于其他大象的地方，故选B项。

　　2017高考英语阅读理解练习题：社会文化类

　　(一)(2016·课标全国)

　　When milk arrived on the doorstep

　　When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s， we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5??year??old boy， I couldn‘t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.

　　Of course， he delivered more than milk. There was cheese， eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order， my mother would pen a note -“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”-and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then， the buttermilk would magically appear.

　　All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house， for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors， so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr.Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table， having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.

　　There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk， thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides， milk is for sale everywhere， and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.

　　Recently， an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊)。 Every so often my son‘s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood， and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.

　　1.Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer

　　________.

　　A.to show his magical power

　　B.to pay for the delivery

　　C.to satisfy his curiosity

　　D.to please his mother

　　2.What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?

　　A.He wanted to have tea there.

　　B.He was treated as a family member.

　　C.He was a respectable person.

　　D.He was fully trusted by the family.

　　3.Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?

　　A.Nobody wants to be a milkman now.

　　B.It has been driven out of the market.

　　C.Its service is getting poor.

　　D.It is forbidden by law.

　　4.Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?

　　A.He missed the good old days.

　　B.He wanted to tell interesting stories.

　　C.He needed it for his milk bottles.

　　D.He planted flowers in it.

　　答案与解析

　　1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后可以看出，当时作者只是一个5岁的孩子，对送奶人腰带上的投币器很好奇，善良的送奶人把一枚硬币送给作者，是为了满足其好奇心，所以应选C项。

　　2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，家里人与送奶人之间关系很密切，送奶人甚至有家里的钥匙，由此推断送奶人得到了充分的信任，故选D项。

　　3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，激烈的竞争和购买的便利使得送奶上门退出了市场，无法存在下去，故选B项。

　　4.A　推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一种怀旧的心理，想念儿时的时光，感觉送奶人送来牛奶的同时，也带来了友谊，故选A项。

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